What does "cap rate" measure in real estate?

Cap rate, or capitalization rate, is a fundamental concept in real estate investment that measures the potential return on a real estate investment. It is calculated by dividing the property’s annual net operating income (NOI) by its current market value or acquisition cost. This measurement allows investors to evaluate and compare the profitability and investment return potential of different real estate assets. A higher cap rate typically indicates a more lucrative investment, assuming the risk levels remain consistent.

This metric is particularly useful as it provides a snapshot of potential returns without requiring sale or rental income to be realized. Investors look at cap rates to make informed decisions about which properties to purchase or sell based on comparative risk and return profiles. Understanding cap rate is essential for gauging the viability of investing in a specific property and assessing its performance relative to similar investments in the market.